University of Tehran Press Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2525 80 1 2025 02 19 Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis and its Determinants in Yazd Province, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis and its Determinants in Yazd Province, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study 15 26 101044 10.22059/jvr.2024.379336.3448 FA Omid Karimi Department of Animal Viral Diseases Research, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran 0000-0002-6925-4311 Morteza Bitaraf Sani Department of Animal Sciences, Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, (AREEO), Yazd, Iran Hamid Poormirzaie Iranian Veterinary Organization, Yazd, Iran Baharak Mohammadian Department of Honeybee, Silkworm and Wildlife Diseases, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran Navid Ghasemipour Department of Avian Diseases Research & Diagnosis, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, (AREEO) Karaj, Iran 0009-0004-7108-6478 Journal Article 2024 10 09 BACKGROUND: Brucellosis is one of the most significant zoonotic diseases affecting humans and animals, posing threats to public health, and causing substantial economic losses. The occurrence of this disease in humans is directly related to its prevalence in livestock. Despite the implementation of prevention and control programs, bovine brucellosis remains endemic in Iran.OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis and identify the factors influencing the occurrence of the disease in Yazd Province, Iran.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, blood samples were collected from 5,160 cattle from 116 farms in Yazd Province using a two-stage cluster sampling method. Serum samples were tested using serological methods (Rose Bengal test, Wright test, and 2-Mercaptoethanol test). Information regarding risk factors associated with the disease's prevalence was collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: The seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis was 1.54% at the individual level and 13.17% at the herd level. At the individual level, history of abortion (OR = 12.85, P= 0.007, 95% CI: 2.03-16.81) and history of calving (OR = 1.9, P= 0.000, 95% CI: 1.38-2.62) were identified as risk factors, while the history of vaccination (OR = 0.31, P= 0.005, 95% CI: 0.08-1.13) was recognized as a protective factor against the disease. At the herd level, breeding techniques, use of torching, farmer’s educational level, management of aborted fetus and placenta, introduction of new animals to the herd, and hygiene level were significantly associated with seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: This study determined the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis and its influencing factors in Province Yazd. Mass vaccination, proper management of aborted fetuses and placental membranes, testing and quarantining newly purchased animals before introduction to herds, and comprehensive training for farmers are recommended to prevent brucellosis infections in cattle. BACKGROUND: Brucellosis is one of the most significant zoonotic diseases affecting humans and animals, posing threats to public health, and causing substantial economic losses. The occurrence of this disease in humans is directly related to its prevalence in livestock. Despite the implementation of prevention and control programs, bovine brucellosis remains endemic in Iran.OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis and identify the factors influencing the occurrence of the disease in Yazd Province, Iran.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, blood samples were collected from 5,160 cattle from 116 farms in Yazd Province using a two-stage cluster sampling method. Serum samples were tested using serological methods (Rose Bengal test, Wright test, and 2-Mercaptoethanol test). Information regarding risk factors associated with the disease's prevalence was collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: The seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis was 1.54% at the individual level and 13.17% at the herd level. At the individual level, history of abortion (OR = 12.85, P= 0.007, 95% CI: 2.03-16.81) and history of calving (OR = 1.9, P= 0.000, 95% CI: 1.38-2.62) were identified as risk factors, while the history of vaccination (OR = 0.31, P= 0.005, 95% CI: 0.08-1.13) was recognized as a protective factor against the disease. At the herd level, breeding techniques, use of torching, farmer’s educational level, management of aborted fetus and placenta, introduction of new animals to the herd, and hygiene level were significantly associated with seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: This study determined the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis and its influencing factors in Province Yazd. Mass vaccination, proper management of aborted fetuses and placental membranes, testing and quarantining newly purchased animals before introduction to herds, and comprehensive training for farmers are recommended to prevent brucellosis infections in cattle. https://jvr.ut.ac.ir/article_101044_efea81f3bc821356883eda68ffab5973.pdf