دانشگاه تهران مجله تحقیقات دامپزشکی (Journal of Veterinary Research) 2008-2525 71 2 2016 06 21 The effect of Anethum graveolens on egg quality, some blood metabolites and hatchability in broiler breeder hens اثر اسانس شوید روی کیفیت تخم مرغ، فراسنجه های پلاسما و قدرت جوجه درآوری در مرغ مادر گوشتی 179 185 57915 10.22059/jvr.2016.57915 FA میلاد شاعری گروه تغذیه طیور، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه گیلان، رشت- ایران اردشیر محیط گروه تغذیه طیور، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه گیلان، رشت- ایران زربخت انصاری پیراسرائی گروه فیزیولوژی دام، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، مازندران- ایران محسن تقی زاده گروه علوم تغذیه، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کاشان، کاشان- ایران Journal Article 2016 02 08 <strong><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Improvement of hatchability in aging broiler<br />breeder has economic justification. <strong>OBJECTIVES: </strong>The main objective of<br />this study was to determine the effect of dietary <em>Anethum graveolens</em><br />essential oil on egg quality, some plasma metabolites and hatchability in<br />broiler breeder hens. <strong>METHODS:</strong> A total number of eighty hens and eight<br />cocks from Ross 308 strain of 105 weeks old were divided into four groups with<br />two replicates within each (10hens+ 1cock). The diets were supplemented with<br />out essential oil (Control) and with 10, 20 and 40 ml essential oil/100kg diets<br />for four weeks. <strong>RESULTS: </strong>There were no significant differences among the<br />groups in Haugh unit and yolk index. While, there were significant differences<br />in egg weight, egg shape index, shell thickness, shell ratio, yolk color and<br />shell weight. Plasma triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)<br />and egg yolk cholesterol concentration were not influenced by dietary essential<br />oil of <em>Anethum graveolens</em>. Whereas essential oil increased plasma<br />cholesterol significantly, it also significantly decreased plasma glucose.<br />Hatchability and fertility were positively affected by supplementation of<br />essential oil in the diet. <strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> Results of this study showed<br />that supplementing diet with  <em>Anethum<br />graveolens</em> essential oil improved hatchability of total eggs set of broiler<br />breeders. </strong> <strong><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">زمینه مطالعه:</span></strong><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL"> بهبود نرخ جوجه دهی در مرغ</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">های مادر مسن توجیه اقتصادی دارد. <strong>هدف:</strong> هدف این تحقیق، اثر اسانس شوید روی کیفیت تخم</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">مرغ، فراسنجه</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">های پلاسما و قدرت جوجه درآوری در مرغ</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">های مادر گوشتی بود. <strong>روش کار:</strong> تعداد 80 قطعه مرغ و 8 خروس از سویه رأس 308 در سن 105هفتگی انتخاب و به طور تصادفی به 4 تیمار، 2 تکرار و 10 زیر مشاهده در هر تکرار تقسیم بندی شدند. یک تیمار به عنوان شاهد (فاقد اسانس) در نظر گرفته شد و تیمارهای دیگر از </span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">ml‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">10، 20 و 40 اسانس به ازای هر </span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">kg‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">100 خوراک، به مدت 4 هفته تغذیه شدند. <strong>نتایج: </strong>بین تیمارها از نظر شاخص زرده و واحد "هاو" تفاوت معنی</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">داری مشاهده نشد. اما در صفاتی مانند خصوصیات ظاهری تخم</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">مرغ، وزن پوسته، نسبت درصد پوسته، ضخامت پوسته، رنگ زرده و وزن تخم</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">مرغ بین تیمارها تفاوت معنی</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">دار وجود داشت. اسانس شوید اثر معنی</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">داری روی میزان تری گلیسرید پلاسما، </span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">HDL</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL"> پلاسما و کلسترول زرده تخم</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">مرغ نداشت. ولی اسانس شوید میزان کلسترول پلاسما را به طور معنی</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">داری افزایش و میزان گلوگز پلاسما را به طور معنی</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">داری کاهش داد. با این وجود، اسانس شوید درصد جوجه درآوری را به طور معنی</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">داری افزایش داد.<strong> نتیجه</strong></span><strong><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">گیری نهایی: </span></strong><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که استفاده از اسانس شوید در جیره مرغ</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">های مادر گوشتی، به طور معنی</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">‌</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">داری درصد جوجه درآوری را افزایش داد (05/0></span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Nazanin';">p</span><span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'B Nazanin'; font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">).</span> https://jvr.ut.ac.ir/article_57915_942713fd837ce3fad7c9439c61faf89c.pdf