University of Tehran Press Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2525 78 4 2023 12 22 Role of Putative Phosphorylation Sites on Tie2 Receptor in the Interaction between Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Human Endothelial Cells Role of Putative Phosphorylation Sites on Tie2 Receptor in the Interaction between Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Human Endothelial Cells 235 246 94951 10.22059/jvr.2023.354283.3323 FA Zahra Mohseni Graduated from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Seyed Mehdi Nasiri Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Khosro Hoseini Pajooh Department of Biothecnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Iran Zahra Habibi-Kelishomi Department of Biophysics, College of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Bahram Goliaei Department of Biophysics, College of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2023 07 08 BACKGROUND: Recently, a subpopulation of monocytes expressing Tie2 receptors has been identified, playing an important role in tumor angiogenesis. Selective depletion of Tie2-expressing monocytes in tumor-bearing mice can inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Some of these macrophages have been shown to be located near the tumor blood vessels, forming vessels in these areas paracrinely during the angiogenesis process. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the role of putative phosphorylation sites on Tie2 receptor in tumor- associated macrophages connected to human endothelial cells. METHODS: In this study, we used a series of Tie2 mutants. After transfection of tumor-associated macrophages with these mutants, they were evaluated for physical connection using the surface plasmon resonance technique and by non-contact co-culture of these macrophages with endothelial cells. RESULTS: Mutation in the tyrosine residues 1106 and 1111 had an inhibitory effect on macrophage binding to endothelial cells, resulting in deterioration of the angiogenic activity of these cells. CONCLUSIONS: Tie2 receptor and its downstream molecular pathways such as AKT/PI3 have a role in the interaction of tumor-associated macrophages with human endothelial cells, directly (via physical binding) and indirectly (through secretion of factors affecting angiogenesis). This emphasize the importance of the molecular mechanisms of Tie2 receptor activation in the interactions of endothelial cells with tumor-associated macrophages and as an anti-angiogenic therapy for cancer. BACKGROUND: Recently, a subpopulation of monocytes expressing Tie2 receptors has been identified, playing an important role in tumor angiogenesis. Selective depletion of Tie2-expressing monocytes in tumor-bearing mice can inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Some of these macrophages have been shown to be located near the tumor blood vessels, forming vessels in these areas paracrinely during the angiogenesis process. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the role of putative phosphorylation sites on Tie2 receptor in tumor- associated macrophages connected to human endothelial cells. METHODS: In this study, we used a series of Tie2 mutants. After transfection of tumor-associated macrophages with these mutants, they were evaluated for physical connection using the surface plasmon resonance technique and by non-contact co-culture of these macrophages with endothelial cells. RESULTS: Mutation in the tyrosine residues 1106 and 1111 had an inhibitory effect on macrophage binding to endothelial cells, resulting in deterioration of the angiogenic activity of these cells. CONCLUSIONS: Tie2 receptor and its downstream molecular pathways such as AKT/PI3 have a role in the interaction of tumor-associated macrophages with human endothelial cells, directly (via physical binding) and indirectly (through secretion of factors affecting angiogenesis). This emphasize the importance of the molecular mechanisms of Tie2 receptor activation in the interactions of endothelial cells with tumor-associated macrophages and as an anti-angiogenic therapy for cancer.

https://jvr.ut.ac.ir/article_94951_1f5bd95552c71ffa1bacbb670e6074ec.pdf

University of Tehran Press Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2525 78 4 2023 12 22 Effect of Gamma Irradiated Saffron Petal Ethanolic Extract on Viability of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei M4PM99 and Assessing their Antioxidant Properties in Probiotic Yogurt Effect of Gamma Irradiated Saffron Petal Ethanolic Extract on Viability of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei M4PM99 and Assessing their Antioxidant Properties in Probiotic Yogurt 247 258 94823 10.22059/jvr.2023.360545.3358 FA Pouria Ghorbanzadeh Graduated from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran Mahnoosh Parsaeimehr Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran Marzieh Heidarieh Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran Ashkan Jebellijavan Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran Journal Article 2023 07 11 BACKGROUND: Nowadays, the interest in functional food has dramatically increased. Herbal plants and functional foods have health-enhancing effects on consumers due to their medicinal, antioxidant, and nutritional properties. Probiotics are one of the most emerging and popular functional food products. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to assess the effect of irradiated and non-irradiated saffron petal extract on the viability of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (M4PM99) in probiotic yogurt. METHODS The ethanolic extract of irradiated saffron petals with a 10 KGy dose of gamma ray at concentrations of 25, 50, and 75 mg/mL and non-irradiated extract at the same concentrations were used and their effect on the viability of Lacticaseibacilus paracasei and their antioxidant and physicochemical properties in set yogurt were studied. Probiotic survival, pH, acidity, content of total phenolic compounds, DPPH inhibition percentage, and sensory properties on days 0, 7, 14, and 21 were assessed. RESULTS: Both irradiated and non-irradiated saffron extracts significantly increased the viability of probiotic bacteria compared to the control sample (P<0.05). The addition of extracts was effective in increasing acidity and decreasing pH compared to the control (P<0.05). With the increase in the amount of extract, the percentage of DPPH inhibition and phenolic compounds significantly increased in the irradiated samples (P<0.05). The effect of storage time was also significant on these indicators, such that the antioxidant properties and phenolic compounds increased until the 14th day and then decreased (P<0.05). In the sensory evaluation, in terms of taste, odor, and color, the lowest score was related to the sample containing 0.75% extract. No significant difference was observed in other concentrations compared to the control sample. CONCLUSIONS: Saffron petal extract has a positive effect on the viability of probiotics during storage. Gamma irradiation has a significant effect on the amount of total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of saffron petal extract. It can be used as a natural antioxidant in dairy products. BACKGROUND: Nowadays, the interest in functional food has dramatically increased. Herbal plants and functional foods have health-enhancing effects on consumers due to their medicinal, antioxidant, and nutritional properties. Probiotics are one of the most emerging and popular functional food products. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to assess the effect of irradiated and non-irradiated saffron petal extract on the viability of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (M4PM99) in probiotic yogurt. METHODS The ethanolic extract of irradiated saffron petals with a 10 KGy dose of gamma ray at concentrations of 25, 50, and 75 mg/mL and non-irradiated extract at the same concentrations were used and their effect on the viability of Lacticaseibacilus paracasei and their antioxidant and physicochemical properties in set yogurt were studied. Probiotic survival, pH, acidity, content of total phenolic compounds, DPPH inhibition percentage, and sensory properties on days 0, 7, 14, and 21 were assessed. RESULTS: Both irradiated and non-irradiated saffron extracts significantly increased the viability of probiotic bacteria compared to the control sample (P<0.05). The addition of extracts was effective in increasing acidity and decreasing pH compared to the control (P<0.05). With the increase in the amount of extract, the percentage of DPPH inhibition and phenolic compounds significantly increased in the irradiated samples (P<0.05). The effect of storage time was also significant on these indicators, such that the antioxidant properties and phenolic compounds increased until the 14th day and then decreased (P<0.05). In the sensory evaluation, in terms of taste, odor, and color, the lowest score was related to the sample containing 0.75% extract. No significant difference was observed in other concentrations compared to the control sample. CONCLUSIONS: Saffron petal extract has a positive effect on the viability of probiotics during storage. Gamma irradiation has a significant effect on the amount of total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of saffron petal extract. It can be used as a natural antioxidant in dairy products.

https://jvr.ut.ac.ir/article_94823_fc24fd614c5ec2c9bf8a611bc20f7898.pdf

University of Tehran Press Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2525 78 4 2023 12 22 Effects of Chronic Toxicity of Bensulfuron-Methyl on Hematological and Serum Biochemical Markers and Liver Tissue of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) Effects of Chronic Toxicity of Bensulfuron-Methyl on Hematological and Serum Biochemical Markers and Liver Tissue of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) 259 271 94824 10.22059/jvr.2023.362740.3370 FA Fatemeh Rahmani Khanghahi Graduated from the Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran Shila Omidzahir Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran Abdolali Movahedinia Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran Maryam Akhoundian Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran Journal Article 2023 07 04 BACKGROUND Agricultural pesticides can cause environmental pollution and damage to aquatic organisms. Bensulfuron-methyl is a widely used herbicide in agricultural fields, especially rice fields. Despite the solubility of Bensulfuron-methyl in water and its entry into aquatic environments, limited research has been conducted on the toxicity of this herbicide in aquatic organisms. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the effects of chronic toxicity of Bensulfuron-methyl in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). METHODS: The fish were divided into four groups. Group 1 was considered as a control, and groups 2, 3, and 4 were exposed to 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % of the 96 h lethal concentration 50 of Bensulfuron-methyl equal to 0, 0.162, 0.324 and 0.486 g/L. After 21 days, blood samples, serum levels, and liver tissue of fishes were analyzed. RESULTS: The number of white blood cells increased in groups 2 and 3 (received 0.162 and 0.324 g/L Bensulfuron-methyl) compared to group 1, while a significant decrease was observed in group 4 (received 0.486 g/L Bensulfuron-methyl) compared to other groups. The number of red blood cells, the amount of hemoglobin, and the percentage of hematocrit in groups 3 and 4 showed a significant decrease compared to other groups, and the values of mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were not significantly different in any groups. The amount of total serum protein in groups 3 and 4 decreased significantly compared to the control group. Serum glucose showed a significant increase in groups 3 and 4 compared to other groups. The values for aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase enzymes showed an increasing trend with the increase of Bensulfuron-methyl concentration. The most liver tissue damage was observed in group 4, which included hyperemia, hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration, edematous cell infiltration, bile duct hyperplasia, and hepatic necrosis. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in the concentration of Bensulfuron-methyl can cause liver tissue damage and changes in hematological and serum biochemical markers in common carp. BACKGROUND Agricultural pesticides can cause environmental pollution and damage to aquatic organisms. Bensulfuron-methyl is a widely used herbicide in agricultural fields, especially rice fields. Despite the solubility of Bensulfuron-methyl in water and its entry into aquatic environments, limited research has been conducted on the toxicity of this herbicide in aquatic organisms. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the effects of chronic toxicity of Bensulfuron-methyl in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). METHODS: The fish were divided into four groups. Group 1 was considered as a control, and groups 2, 3, and 4 were exposed to 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % of the 96 h lethal concentration 50 of Bensulfuron-methyl equal to 0, 0.162, 0.324 and 0.486 g/L. After 21 days, blood samples, serum levels, and liver tissue of fishes were analyzed. RESULTS: The number of white blood cells increased in groups 2 and 3 (received 0.162 and 0.324 g/L Bensulfuron-methyl) compared to group 1, while a significant decrease was observed in group 4 (received 0.486 g/L Bensulfuron-methyl) compared to other groups. The number of red blood cells, the amount of hemoglobin, and the percentage of hematocrit in groups 3 and 4 showed a significant decrease compared to other groups, and the values of mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were not significantly different in any groups. The amount of total serum protein in groups 3 and 4 decreased significantly compared to the control group. Serum glucose showed a significant increase in groups 3 and 4 compared to other groups. The values for aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase enzymes showed an increasing trend with the increase of Bensulfuron-methyl concentration. The most liver tissue damage was observed in group 4, which included hyperemia, hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration, edematous cell infiltration, bile duct hyperplasia, and hepatic necrosis. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in the concentration of Bensulfuron-methyl can cause liver tissue damage and changes in hematological and serum biochemical markers in common carp.

https://jvr.ut.ac.ir/article_94824_3f3e2100cdc9eea4f1f331831d9bb4ff.pdf

University of Tehran Press Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2525 78 4 2023 12 22 Energy Status, Body Condition, and level of Inflammatory Markers in Pregnant Ewes in the Transition Period Energy Status, Body Condition, and level of Inflammatory Markers in Pregnant Ewes in the Transition Period 273 287 94837 10.22059/jvr.2023.354004.3322 FA Mahla Nemati Mazrae Graduate from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Ehsan Anassori Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Ali-Goli Ramin Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Journal Article 2023 07 01 BACKGROUND: Body condition and its relationship with inflammatory indicators in the transition period of ewes can be used as a key to prevent the occurrence of metabolic complications in this period. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to determine the levels of inflammatory markers and their relationship with body condition and energy status in the transitional period in Makuei ewes. METHODS: This study was performed on 45 female peri-parturient Makuie ewes aged 3-5 years with 2-4 breeding lambs. Blood samples from the jugular vein were prepared in three periods, 21 days before delivery, baseline (time zero), and 21 days after delivery. RESULTS: The mean glucose and cholesterol concentrations were not significantly different between the groups with low, moderate, and high body conditions. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentrations were significantly higher in groups with lower and higher body condition scores (BCS) than in the normal group. There was a significant positive correlation between energy-related indices (NEFA, BHB) and the BCS of the pregnant and lactating ewes. The concentration of fibrinogen, sialic acid, and blood ceruloplasmin increased in the first three weeks and decreased after delivery. These indices significantly increased in relatively obese and lean groups than in the normal group during the study. The correlation of BHB and NEFA with sialic acid, ceruloplasmin, and fibrinogen was also reported in the study groups in the pre- and post-partum periods. CONCLUSIONS: Ewes with normal BCS (2.75-3.25) have a good energy status. Low levels of NEFA in ewes indicate that the mobility of fats is low, and the inflammation process is lower in the transition period of these animals. Furthermore, low BCS can be a predisposing factor for inflammation in ewes during the pre-partum period. This effect may be due to the increased metabolic requirements and compromised immune function associated with negative energy balance in the transition period of ewes. BACKGROUND: Body condition and its relationship with inflammatory indicators in the transition period of ewes can be used as a key to prevent the occurrence of metabolic complications in this period. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to determine the levels of inflammatory markers and their relationship with body condition and energy status in the transitional period in Makuei ewes. METHODS: This study was performed on 45 female peri-parturient Makuie ewes aged 3-5 years with 2-4 breeding lambs. Blood samples from the jugular vein were prepared in three periods, 21 days before delivery, baseline (time zero), and 21 days after delivery. RESULTS: The mean glucose and cholesterol concentrations were not significantly different between the groups with low, moderate, and high body conditions. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentrations were significantly higher in groups with lower and higher body condition scores (BCS) than in the normal group. There was a significant positive correlation between energy-related indices (NEFA, BHB) and the BCS of the pregnant and lactating ewes. The concentration of fibrinogen, sialic acid, and blood ceruloplasmin increased in the first three weeks and decreased after delivery. These indices significantly increased in relatively obese and lean groups than in the normal group during the study. The correlation of BHB and NEFA with sialic acid, ceruloplasmin, and fibrinogen was also reported in the study groups in the pre- and post-partum periods. CONCLUSIONS: Ewes with normal BCS (2.75-3.25) have a good energy status. Low levels of NEFA in ewes indicate that the mobility of fats is low, and the inflammation process is lower in the transition period of these animals. Furthermore, low BCS can be a predisposing factor for inflammation in ewes during the pre-partum period. This effect may be due to the increased metabolic requirements and compromised immune function associated with negative energy balance in the transition period of ewes.

https://jvr.ut.ac.ir/article_94837_15099bb109f268f90e335db6e6f59da8.pdf

University of Tehran Press Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2525 78 4 2023 12 22 Evaluation of the Efficiency of Polyclonal Antiserum Against the Conserved Motif of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin in the Detection of Homologous and Heterologous Viruses Evaluation of the Efficiency of Polyclonal Antiserum Against the Conserved Motif of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin in the Detection of Homologous and Heterologous Viruses 289 302 94838 10.22059/jvr.2023.352766.3314 FA Vida Heidariyan Graduated from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 0000-0001-9758-7423 Vahid Karimi Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Shahla Shahsavandi Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research,Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran 0000-0002-9599-6722 Naser Ghodsian Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research,Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran Journal Article 2023 07 19 BACKGROUND: The H9N2 avian influenza is one of the most important viral diseases of poultry in Asian countries. Continuous mutations in the hemagglutinin (HA) protein as the main viral antigen make interpreting the HA-based serology test results difficult. OBJECTIVES: In this experimental study, the ability of polyclonal antibodies against the conserved motif of HA protein in detecting heterologous H9N2 isolates was evaluated. METHODS: Based on the bioinformatics data, a conserved motif of HA protein was selected and expressed in the pET-28a(+) vector. The recombinant peptide was mixed with an oil adjuvant and injected into specified pathogen free (SPF) chickens to produce the polyclonal antiserum. Similarly, antiserum from the inactivated virus was prepared. The efficiency of the prepared antisera was evaluated in the cross hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test using the homologous and heterologous H9N2 viruses. RESULTS: The average titer of HI antibody against homologous and heterologous viruses using the polyclonal antiserum was equal to five. This titer was estimated to be seven for the homologous virus and much lower for heterologous viruses with inactivated virus antiserum. The difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: According to the evaluations, this antiserum has a suitable efficiency in identifying different isolates of the H9N2 virus, and compared to the usual antiserum, it detects different antigens of a subtype more accurately. The resulting polyclonal antiserum does not contain non-specific inhibitors, which may cause problems interpreting serological findings. The results showed that polyclonal antiserum could identify H9N2 viruses isolated in different years by HI test; however, its validation requires testing with more viruses. BACKGROUND: The H9N2 avian influenza is one of the most important viral diseases of poultry in Asian countries. Continuous mutations in the hemagglutinin (HA) protein as the main viral antigen make interpreting the HA-based serology test results difficult. OBJECTIVES: In this experimental study, the ability of polyclonal antibodies against the conserved motif of HA protein in detecting heterologous H9N2 isolates was evaluated. METHODS: Based on the bioinformatics data, a conserved motif of HA protein was selected and expressed in the pET-28a(+) vector. The recombinant peptide was mixed with an oil adjuvant and injected into specified pathogen free (SPF) chickens to produce the polyclonal antiserum. Similarly, antiserum from the inactivated virus was prepared. The efficiency of the prepared antisera was evaluated in the cross hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test using the homologous and heterologous H9N2 viruses. RESULTS: The average titer of HI antibody against homologous and heterologous viruses using the polyclonal antiserum was equal to five. This titer was estimated to be seven for the homologous virus and much lower for heterologous viruses with inactivated virus antiserum. The difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: According to the evaluations, this antiserum has a suitable efficiency in identifying different isolates of the H9N2 virus, and compared to the usual antiserum, it detects different antigens of a subtype more accurately. The resulting polyclonal antiserum does not contain non-specific inhibitors, which may cause problems interpreting serological findings. The results showed that polyclonal antiserum could identify H9N2 viruses isolated in different years by HI test; however, its validation requires testing with more viruses.

https://jvr.ut.ac.ir/article_94838_e4c890a037802c1e949d12c8fcb5c1bb.pdf

University of Tehran Press Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2525 78 4 2023 12 22 Computed Tomographic Findings of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in Dogs and Cats Computed Tomographic Findings of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in Dogs and Cats 303 311 94983 10.22059/jvr.2023.347825.3296 FA Sarang Soroori Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Majid Masoudifard Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Rajabi Naraki Graduate from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Banafsheh Shateri Amiri Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2023 06 21 BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is created by the connection between the mandibular condylar process and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone in all mammalian species. This is a synovial joint and has a fibrocartilage disc. The joint disorders affect mastication, movements of TMJ, and mandibular functions. TMJ imaging can be evaluated by radiography; however, CT imaging is preferred, since the images have no superimposition and present more details of different structures and therefore show a more accurate evaluation of TMJ. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to provide accurate statistics on TMJ disorders and to evaluate their prevalence based on CT-scan findings in dogs and cats. METHODS: In this study, 265 cases of cats and dogs (102 cats and 163 dogs) were evaluated. A total of 59 cases (38 cats and 21 dogs) had temporomandibular joint disorders. In this study, information on sex, breed, and age regarding TMJ disorders were described in detail. RESULTS: In the evaluated CT images, osteoarthritis, fracture, dislocation (luxation and subluxation), ankylosis, osteochondrosis, dysplasia, and osteomyelitis were observed. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicated that although the total number of dogs was larger than that of cats, the incidence of temporomandibular joint disorders was higher in cats than in dogs. The most common disorders in cats and dogs were fractures, followed by dislocations (luxation and subluxation), and then osteoarthritis exhibited the highest frequency. In the next rank of frequency in cats, ankylosis and then osteomyelitis were observed. Additionally, osteochondrosis and dysplasia and then ankylosis were observed in dogs in the next ranks. BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is created by the connection between the mandibular condylar process and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone in all mammalian species. This is a synovial joint and has a fibrocartilage disc. The joint disorders affect mastication, movements of TMJ, and mandibular functions. TMJ imaging can be evaluated by radiography; however, CT imaging is preferred, since the images have no superimposition and present more details of different structures and therefore show a more accurate evaluation of TMJ. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to provide accurate statistics on TMJ disorders and to evaluate their prevalence based on CT-scan findings in dogs and cats. METHODS: In this study, 265 cases of cats and dogs (102 cats and 163 dogs) were evaluated. A total of 59 cases (38 cats and 21 dogs) had temporomandibular joint disorders. In this study, information on sex, breed, and age regarding TMJ disorders were described in detail. RESULTS: In the evaluated CT images, osteoarthritis, fracture, dislocation (luxation and subluxation), ankylosis, osteochondrosis, dysplasia, and osteomyelitis were observed. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicated that although the total number of dogs was larger than that of cats, the incidence of temporomandibular joint disorders was higher in cats than in dogs. The most common disorders in cats and dogs were fractures, followed by dislocations (luxation and subluxation), and then osteoarthritis exhibited the highest frequency. In the next rank of frequency in cats, ankylosis and then osteomyelitis were observed. Additionally, osteochondrosis and dysplasia and then ankylosis were observed in dogs in the next ranks.

https://jvr.ut.ac.ir/article_94983_288e9150536becff99ebe40cf5f55012.pdf

University of Tehran Press Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2525 78 4 2023 12 22 Consumption Pattern of Local Dairy Products and the Related Factors in Female Residents of Qom Province, Iran in 2022: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study Consumption Pattern of Local Dairy Products and the Related Factors in Female Residents of Qom Province, Iran in 2022: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study 313 321 94952 10.22059/jvr.2023.364431.3388 FA Maryam Derakhshani Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Zeinab Keshvari-Shoja Student Research Committee, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Mohammad Aligol Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Roghayyeh Ahangari Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Nekouei-Hedayati-Forghani Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Journal Article 2023 07 23 BACKGROUND: Milk and dairy products are important sources of food-borne pathogens. Non-pasteurized dairy products are popular due to home production, beliefs about their higher nutritional value, high accessibility, and taste. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the consumption pattern of local dairy products in women in Qom, Iran, in 2022, and determine the affecting factors. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2022, 319 women in Qom were selected using a stratified random sampling method. Their demographic information (age, educational level, employment status, and income) and consumption of local dairy products were surveyed. In addition, a questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) with 32 items and 4 subscales (attitude towards nutrition, subjective norms, behavioral intention, and nutritional behavior) was completed. The data was analyzed in SPSS software using ANOVA, and Chi-square test. RESULTS: Overall, the consumption rate of local milk was 82.3 %; yogurt, 85.1 %; cheese, 57.3%; cream, 53.7 %; butter, 42.3 %; and curd, 33.9 %. Regarding the daily consumption rate, the highest consumption rate was related to milk (13.9 %) and yogurt (11.8 %), and the lowest consumption was related to curd (3.1%) and cream (5.1 %). The type of dairy consumed was significantly related to behavioral intention and nutritional attitude (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the type of consumed dairy in terms of the husband's occupation (P=0.001), but there was no significant difference in terms of educational level, marital status, employment status, and relationship with the villagers (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of local dairy products consumption, especially milk and yogurt, is high in women living in Qom. Their behavioral intention to consume healthy dairy products is at good level, but they do not have proper nutritional attitude and nutritional behavior. Therefore, the risk of developing common zoonotic diseases, including brucellosis and crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever is high in Qom. BACKGROUND: Milk and dairy products are important sources of food-borne pathogens. Non-pasteurized dairy products are popular due to home production, beliefs about their higher nutritional value, high accessibility, and taste. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the consumption pattern of local dairy products in women in Qom, Iran, in 2022, and determine the affecting factors. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2022, 319 women in Qom were selected using a stratified random sampling method. Their demographic information (age, educational level, employment status, and income) and consumption of local dairy products were surveyed. In addition, a questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) with 32 items and 4 subscales (attitude towards nutrition, subjective norms, behavioral intention, and nutritional behavior) was completed. The data was analyzed in SPSS software using ANOVA, and Chi-square test. RESULTS: Overall, the consumption rate of local milk was 82.3 %; yogurt, 85.1 %; cheese, 57.3%; cream, 53.7 %; butter, 42.3 %; and curd, 33.9 %. Regarding the daily consumption rate, the highest consumption rate was related to milk (13.9 %) and yogurt (11.8 %), and the lowest consumption was related to curd (3.1%) and cream (5.1 %). The type of dairy consumed was significantly related to behavioral intention and nutritional attitude (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the type of consumed dairy in terms of the husband's occupation (P=0.001), but there was no significant difference in terms of educational level, marital status, employment status, and relationship with the villagers (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of local dairy products consumption, especially milk and yogurt, is high in women living in Qom. Their behavioral intention to consume healthy dairy products is at good level, but they do not have proper nutritional attitude and nutritional behavior. Therefore, the risk of developing common zoonotic diseases, including brucellosis and crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever is high in Qom.

https://jvr.ut.ac.ir/article_94952_7ab1038b1af8b18eed5fef3820a98be2.pdf