References

1. Al-Bairuty, G.A., Shaw, B.J., Handy, R.D., Henry, T.B. (2013). Histopathological effects of waterborne copper nanoparticles and copper sulphate on the organs of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquat Toxicol, 126, 104-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.10.005
2. Asharani, P.V., Wu, Y.L., Gong, Z., Valiyaveettil, S. (2008). Toxicity of silver nanoparticles in zebrafish models. J Nanotechnol, 19(25), 255102. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/19/25/255102
3. Baeza-Ariño, R., Martínez-Llorens, S., Nogales-Mérida, S., Jover-Cerda, M., Tomás‐Vidal, A. (2016). Study of liver and gut alterations in sea bream, Sparus aurata L., fed a mixture of vegetable protein concentrates. Aquac Res, 47(2), 460-471. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.12507
4. Bergin, I.L., Witzmann, F.A. (2013). Nanoparticle toxicity by the gastrointestinal route: evidence and knowledge gaps. Int J Biomed Nanosci Nanotechnol, 3(1-2), 163-210. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijbnn.2013.054515
5. Bermudez, E., Mangum, J.B., Asgharian, B., Wong, B.A., Reverdy, E.E., Janszen, D.B., Hext, P.M., Warheit, D.B., Everitt, J.I. (2002). Long-term pulmonary responses of three laboratory rodent species to subchronic inhalation of pigmentary titanium dioxide particles. J Toxicol Sci, 70(1), 86-97. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/70.1.86
6. Bernet, D., Schmidt, H., Meier, W., Burkhardt‐Holm, P., Wahli, T. (1999). Histopathology in fish: proposal for a protocol to assess aquatic pollution. J Fish Dis, 22(1), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1999.00134.x
7. Chen, J., Dong, X., Xin, Y., Zhao, M. (2011). Effects of titanium dioxide nano-particles on growth and some histological parameters of zebrafish (Danio rerio) after a long-term exposure. Aquat Toxicol, 101(3), 493-499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.12.004
8. Evans, D.H. (1987). The fish gill: site of action and model for toxic effects of environmental pollutants. Environ Health  Perspect, 71, 47. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.877147
9. Fabian, E., Landsiedel, R., Ma-Hock, L., Wiench, K., Wohlleben, W., Van Ravenzwaay, B. (2008). Tissue distribution and toxicity of intravenously administered titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats. Arch Toxicol, 82(3), 151-157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-007-0253-y
10. Federici G., Shaw B. J., Handy R. D. (2007). Toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Gill injury, oxidative stress, and other physiological effects. Aquat Toxicol, 84, 415–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-007-0253-y
11. Fernandes, C., Fontaínhas-Fernandes, A., Rocha, E., Salgado, M.A. (2008). Monitoring pollution in Esmoriz–Paramos lagoon, Portugal: Liver histological and biochemical effects in Liza saliens. Environ Monit Assess, 145(1), 315-322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-007-0041-4
12. Hao L., Wang Z., Xing B. (2009). Effect of sub-acute exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles on oxidative stress and histopathological changes in juvenile carp (Cyprinus carpio). J Environ Sci, 21, 1459–1466. https://doi.org/10. 1016/s1001-0742(08)62440-7
13. Johari, S.A., Kalbassi, M.R., Yu, I.J., Lee, J.H. (2015). Chronic effect of waterborne silver nanoparticles on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): histopathology and bioaccumulation. Comp Clin Path, 24, 995-1007. https://doi.org/10.12980/jclm.4.2016j6-11
14. Kim, S., Choi, J.E., Choi, J., Chung, K.H., Park, K., Yi, J., Ryu, D.Y. (2009). Oxidative stress-dependent toxicity of silver nanoparticles in human hepatoma cells. Toxicol In Vitro, 23(6), 1076-1084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2009.06.001
15. Kogut, M.H., McGruder, E.D., Hargis, B.M., Corrier, D.E., DeLoach, J.R. (1994). Dynamics of avian inflammatory response to Salmonella-immune lymphokines. Inflamm, 18(4), 373-388. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01534435
16. Lee, B.C., Kim, K.T., Cho, J.G., Lee, J.W., Ryu, T.K., Yoon, J.H., Lee, S.H., Duong, C.N., Eom, I.C., Kim, P.J., Choi, K.H. (2012). Oxidative stress in juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles. Mol Cell Toxicol, 8(4), 357-366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-012-0044-2
17. López-Serrano Oliver, A., Munoz-Olivas, R., Sanz Landaluze, J., Rainieri, S., Cámara, C. (2015). Bioaccumulation of ionic titanium and titanium dioxide nanoparticles in zebrafish eleutheroembryos. J Nanotechnol, 9(7), 835-842. https://doi. org/10.3109/17435390.2014.980758
18. Lovern, S.B., Klaper, R. (2006). Daphnia magna mortality when exposed to titanium dioxide and fullerene (C-60) nanoparticles. Environ Toxicol Chem,25, 1132–1137. https://doi.org/10.1897/05-278R.1
19. Mansouri, B., Maleki, A., Davari, B., Johari, S.A., Shahmoradi, B., Mohammadi, E., Shahsavari, S., (2016). Histopathological effects following short-term coexposure of Cyprinus carpio to nanoparticles of TiO2 and CuO. Environ Monit Assess, 188(10), 575. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s10661-016-5579-6
20. Nam, S. H., Shin, Y. J., Lee, W. M., Kim, S. W., Kwak, J. I., Yoon, S. J., An, Y. J. (2015). Conducting a battery of bioassays for gold nanoparticles to derive guideline value for the protection of aquatic ecosystems. Nanotoxicology, 9(3), 326-335. https://doi.org/10.3109/17435390.2014.930531
21. Olurin, K.B., Olojo, E.A.A., Mbaka, G.O., Akindele, A.T. (2006). Histopathological responses of the gill and liver tissues of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings to herbicide, glyphosate.
    Afr J Biotechnol, 5(24), 2480.
22. Ostaszewska, T., Chojnacki, M., Kamaszewski, M., Sawosz-Chwalibog, E. (2016). Histopathological effects of silver and copper nanoparticles on the epidermis, gills, and liver of Siberian sturgeon. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 23, 1621-1633. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5391-9
23. Pini, M., Rosa, R., Neri, P., Bondioli, F., Ferrari, A. M. (2015). Environmental assessment of a bottom-up hydrolytic synthesis of TiO 2 nanoparticles. Green Chemistry, 17(1), 518-531. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4GC00919C
24. Priprem. A, Mahakunakorn. P, Thomas, C., Thomas, I. (2010). Cytotoxicity studies of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in macrophage and liver cells. Am J Nanotechnol 1, 78–85. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajnsp.2010. 78.85
25. Shi, H., Magaye, R., Castranova, V., Zhao, J. (2013). Titanium dioxide nanoparticles: a review of current toxicological data. Part Fibre Toxicol, 10(1), 15. https://doi. org/10.1186/1743-8977-10-15
26. Shirdel, I., Kalbassi, M.R. (2016). Effects of nonylphenol on key hormonal balances and histopathology of the endangered Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol, 183, 28-35.
27. Skocaj, M., Filipic, M., Petkovic, J., Novak, S. (2011). Titanium dioxide in our everyday life; is it safe?. Radiol Oncol, 45(4), 227-247. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10019-011-0037-0
28. Smith, C.J., Shaw, B.J., Handy, R.D. (2007). Toxicity of single walled carbon nanotubes to rainbow trout, (Oncorhynchus mykiss): respiratory toxicity, organ pathologies, and other physiological effects. Aquat Toxicol, 82(2), 94-109. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.02.003
29. Wilson, J. M., Castro, L. F. C. (2011). Morphological diversity of the gastrointestinal tract in fishes. In: The Multifunctional Gut of Fish. Fish Physiology. Grosell, M., Farrell, A. P. Brauner, C. J. (eds.). (1^st ed.). Netherland, Amsterdam. Academic Press, p. 136-164. https://doi.org/10. 1016/S1546-5098(10)03001-3
30. Wu, Y., Zhou, Q. (2013). Silver nanoparticles cause oxidative damage and histological changes in medaka (Oryzias latipes) after 14 days of exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem, 32, 165-173. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2038

References

1. Al-Bairuty, G.A., Shaw, B.J., Handy, R.D., Henry, T.B. (2013). Histopathological effects of waterborne copper nanoparticles and copper sulphate on the organs of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquat Toxicol, 126, 104-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.10.005
2. Asharani, P.V., Wu, Y.L., Gong, Z., Valiyaveettil, S. (2008). Toxicity of silver nanoparticles in zebrafish models. J Nanotechnol, 19(25), 255102. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/19/25/255102
3. Baeza-Ariño, R., Martínez-Llorens, S., Nogales-Mérida, S., Jover-Cerda, M., Tomás‐Vidal, A. (2016). Study of liver and gut alterations in sea bream, Sparus aurata L., fed a mixture of vegetable protein concentrates. Aquac Res, 47(2), 460-471. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.12507
4. Bergin, I.L., Witzmann, F.A. (2013). Nanoparticle toxicity by the gastrointestinal route: evidence and knowledge gaps. Int J Biomed Nanosci Nanotechnol, 3(1-2), 163-210. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijbnn.2013.054515
5. Bermudez, E., Mangum, J.B., Asgharian, B., Wong, B.A., Reverdy, E.E., Janszen, D.B., Hext, P.M., Warheit, D.B., Everitt, J.I. (2002). Long-term pulmonary responses of three laboratory rodent species to subchronic inhalation of pigmentary titanium dioxide particles. J Toxicol Sci, 70(1), 86-97. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/70.1.86
6. Bernet, D., Schmidt, H., Meier, W., Burkhardt‐Holm, P., Wahli, T. (1999). Histopathology in fish: proposal for a protocol to assess aquatic pollution. J Fish Dis, 22(1), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1999.00134.x
7. Chen, J., Dong, X., Xin, Y., Zhao, M. (2011). Effects of titanium dioxide nano-particles on growth and some histological parameters of zebrafish (Danio rerio) after a long-term exposure. Aquat Toxicol, 101(3), 493-499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.12.004
8. Evans, D.H. (1987). The fish gill: site of action and model for toxic effects of environmental pollutants. Environ Health  Perspect, 71, 47. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.877147
9. Fabian, E., Landsiedel, R., Ma-Hock, L., Wiench, K., Wohlleben, W., Van Ravenzwaay, B. (2008). Tissue distribution and toxicity of intravenously administered titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats. Arch Toxicol, 82(3), 151-157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-007-0253-y
10. Federici G., Shaw B. J., Handy R. D. (2007). Toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Gill injury, oxidative stress, and other physiological effects. Aquat Toxicol, 84, 415–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-007-0253-y
11. Fernandes, C., Fontaínhas-Fernandes, A., Rocha, E., Salgado, M.A. (2008). Monitoring pollution in Esmoriz–Paramos lagoon, Portugal: Liver histological and biochemical effects in Liza saliens. Environ Monit Assess, 145(1), 315-322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-007-0041-4
12. Hao L., Wang Z., Xing B. (2009). Effect of sub-acute exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles on oxidative stress and histopathological changes in juvenile carp (Cyprinus carpio). J Environ Sci, 21, 1459–1466. https://doi.org/10. 1016/s1001-0742(08)62440-7
13. Johari, S.A., Kalbassi, M.R., Yu, I.J., Lee, J.H. (2015). Chronic effect of waterborne silver nanoparticles on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): histopathology and bioaccumulation. Comp Clin Path, 24, 995-1007. https://doi.org/10.12980/jclm.4.2016j6-11
14. Kim, S., Choi, J.E., Choi, J., Chung, K.H., Park, K., Yi, J., Ryu, D.Y. (2009). Oxidative stress-dependent toxicity of silver nanoparticles in human hepatoma cells. Toxicol In Vitro, 23(6), 1076-1084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2009.06.001
15. Kogut, M.H., McGruder, E.D., Hargis, B.M., Corrier, D.E., DeLoach, J.R. (1994). Dynamics of avian inflammatory response to Salmonella-immune lymphokines. Inflamm, 18(4), 373-388. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01534435
16. Lee, B.C., Kim, K.T., Cho, J.G., Lee, J.W., Ryu, T.K., Yoon, J.H., Lee, S.H., Duong, C.N., Eom, I.C., Kim, P.J., Choi, K.H. (2012). Oxidative stress in juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles. Mol Cell Toxicol, 8(4), 357-366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-012-0044-2
17. López-Serrano Oliver, A., Munoz-Olivas, R., Sanz Landaluze, J., Rainieri, S., Cámara, C. (2015). Bioaccumulation of ionic titanium and titanium dioxide nanoparticles in zebrafish eleutheroembryos. J Nanotechnol, 9(7), 835-842. https://doi. org/10.3109/17435390.2014.980758
18. Lovern, S.B., Klaper, R. (2006). Daphnia magna mortality when exposed to titanium dioxide and fullerene (C-60) nanoparticles. Environ Toxicol Chem,25, 1132–1137. https://doi.org/10.1897/05-278R.1
19. Mansouri, B., Maleki, A., Davari, B., Johari, S.A., Shahmoradi, B., Mohammadi, E., Shahsavari, S., (2016). Histopathological effects following short-term coexposure of Cyprinus carpio to nanoparticles of TiO2 and CuO. Environ Monit Assess, 188(10), 575. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s10661-016-5579-6
20. Nam, S. H., Shin, Y. J., Lee, W. M., Kim, S. W., Kwak, J. I., Yoon, S. J., An, Y. J. (2015). Conducting a battery of bioassays for gold nanoparticles to derive guideline value for the protection of aquatic ecosystems. Nanotoxicology, 9(3), 326-335. https://doi.org/10.3109/17435390.2014.930531
21. Olurin, K.B., Olojo, E.A.A., Mbaka, G.O., Akindele, A.T. (2006). Histopathological responses of the gill and liver tissues of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings to herbicide, glyphosate.
    Afr J Biotechnol, 5(24), 2480.
22. Ostaszewska, T., Chojnacki, M., Kamaszewski, M., Sawosz-Chwalibog, E. (2016). Histopathological effects of silver and copper nanoparticles on the epidermis, gills, and liver of Siberian sturgeon. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 23, 1621-1633. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5391-9
23. Pini, M., Rosa, R., Neri, P., Bondioli, F., Ferrari, A. M. (2015). Environmental assessment of a bottom-up hydrolytic synthesis of TiO 2 nanoparticles. Green Chemistry, 17(1), 518-531. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4GC00919C
24. Priprem. A, Mahakunakorn. P, Thomas, C., Thomas, I. (2010). Cytotoxicity studies of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in macrophage and liver cells. Am J Nanotechnol 1, 78–85. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajnsp.2010. 78.85
25. Shi, H., Magaye, R., Castranova, V., Zhao, J. (2013). Titanium dioxide nanoparticles: a review of current toxicological data. Part Fibre Toxicol, 10(1), 15. https://doi. org/10.1186/1743-8977-10-15
26. Shirdel, I., Kalbassi, M.R. (2016). Effects of nonylphenol on key hormonal balances and histopathology of the endangered Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol, 183, 28-35.
27. Skocaj, M., Filipic, M., Petkovic, J., Novak, S. (2011). Titanium dioxide in our everyday life; is it safe?. Radiol Oncol, 45(4), 227-247. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10019-011-0037-0
28. Smith, C.J., Shaw, B.J., Handy, R.D. (2007). Toxicity of single walled carbon nanotubes to rainbow trout, (Oncorhynchus mykiss): respiratory toxicity, organ pathologies, and other physiological effects. Aquat Toxicol, 82(2), 94-109. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.02.003
29. Wilson, J. M., Castro, L. F. C. (2011). Morphological diversity of the gastrointestinal tract in fishes. In: The Multifunctional Gut of Fish. Fish Physiology. Grosell, M., Farrell, A. P. Brauner, C. J. (eds.). (1^st ed.). Netherland, Amsterdam. Academic Press, p. 136-164. https://doi.org/10. 1016/S1546-5098(10)03001-3
30. Wu, Y., Zhou, Q. (2013). Silver nanoparticles cause oxidative damage and histological changes in medaka (Oryzias latipes) after 14 days of exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem, 32, 165-173. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2038