Evaluation of the Effect of Three Types of Disinfectants and Their Application Methods on Reducing Experimental Contamination of Salmonella Enteritidis in Broiler Feed

Articles in Press

Document Type : Feed Safety

Authors

1 Department of Animal and Poultry Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran

2 Faculty member/Department of Animal and Poultry Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran

3 Central Veterinary Laboratory, Tehran, Iran.

4 Central Veterinary Laboratory, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background: Feed contamination with Salmonella is one of the most important bacterial contaminations and a major route for transmission of this bacterium to flocks. Feed disinfection is considered a common method to control such contaminations.
Objective: This study, conducted under In vitro condition, aimed to evaluate the effects of three disinfectants Termin-Gold (aldehyde compounds and organic acids), Formalin, and Nanosil-Dan (hydrogen peroxide and silver nanoparticles) and two application methods (addition to the complete feed at production or to the premix one week prior to final mixing) on the elimination of Salmonella Enteritidis from broiler feed.
Methods: The experiment was carried out in a randomized design with three replicates. Six treatments were included: control feed, Formalin in premix, Formalin in final feed, Nanosil-Dan in final feed, Termin-Gold in premix, and Termin-Gold in final feed. After the disinfectants were added, feeds were inoculated with Salmonella Enteritidis at approximately 107 CFU/100 g. Contamination was applied at two time points (immediately after production and after one week of storage), and bacterial counts were monitored until no colony growth was observed.
Results: The efficacy of disinfectants depended on the timing of contamination and the method of application. In immediate contamination, Nanosil-Dan prevented growth from hour zero and showed a significant difference compared with other treatments (P<0.05). Formalin treatments achieved complete elimination within 24 h, whereas the control group showed only a relative reduction (from 27,200 to 5,500 CFU). All treatments resulted in complete absence of growth within 48 h. In contamination applied one week after production, Formalin reduced colony counts immediately and eliminated growth within 24 h, while growth in the control persisted up to 216 h. Nanosil-Dan showed a delayed effect, eliminating growth at 96 h. Termin-Gold had irregular reductions and did not differ significantly from the control.
Conclusion: Despite the relative effectiveness of all three disinfectant in reduction of contamination, their efficiency is dependent on time and method of application. Nanosil-Dan was immediately efficient in shorter time, but the lasting effect of formalin was superior. Termin-Gold exhibited comparatively lower performance. Nonetheless, the results should be confirmed in further studies especially in field trials.

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Journal of Veterinary Research

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 25 February 2026

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