بررسی تغییرات مرفولوژیک روده کوچک جوجههای گوشتی تغذیه شده با سطوح مختلف گلوتامین در جیره پیش آغازین طی دوره پس از تفریخ

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج- ایران

2 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج- ایرانی

3 گروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهران، تهران- ایران

چکیده

زمینه مطالعه: استفاده از مکمل گلوتامین در جیره پیش آغازین جوجه‌های گوشتی می‌تواند در بهبود عملکرد طی هفته اول مفید باشد. هدف: این مطالعه به منظور بررسی اثرات سطوح مختلف گلوتامین در جیره پیش آغازین بر مرفولوژی روده کوچک و صفات عملکردی انجام شد. روش‌کار: 160 قطعه جوجه گوشتی (سویه رأس 308) در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با 3 تیمار و 5 تکرار مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. تیمارها دارای سه سطح مختلف 0، 5/0 و 1% گلوتامین بودند. در 6 و 13 روزگی وزن بدن و خوراک مصرفی اندازه گیری شد. در روز صفر، 10 پرنده کشتار شد. در 3، 6 و 13 روزگی، 2 پرنده از هر تکرار انتخاب، وزن شده و برای تهیه نمونه بافت روده کشتار شد. نتایج: جیره دارای 1% گلوتامین، موجب بهبود صفات عملکردی و ضریب تبدیل خوراک در 6 و 13 روزگی شد (05/0>p). طول و عرض پرز‌ها در تمام بخش‌های روده کوچک و در 3 و 6 روزگی با مصرف گلوتامین افزایش یافت (05/0>p). در 13 روزگی طول و عرض پرز‌ها در تمامی بخش‌های روده، در جوجه‌هایی که جیره دارای گلوتامین مصرف کردند، بالاتر از جیره پایه بود (05/0>p). عمق کریپت در 3، 6 و 13 روزگی در بخش‌های ژژنوم و ایلئوم با مصرف گلوتامین کاهش و در ناحیه دئودنوم با افزایش سطح گلوتامین در 6 و 13 روزگی افزایش یافت (05/0>p). نسبت طول پرز به عمق کریپت با افزایش سطح گلوتامین در ژژنوم و ایلئوم در 3 و 6 روزگی افزایش یافت (05/0>p). در 13 روزگی، نسبت طول پرز به عمق کریپت در جوجه‌های تغذیه شده با جیره دارای 1٪ گلوتامین بطور معنی‌داری بالاتر از جیره پایه بود. نتیجه گیری نهایی: استفاده از 1 % مکمل گلوتامین در جیره پیش آغازین موجب بهبود صفات عملکردی و توسعه سریعتر روده کوچک می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of morphological changes in small intestines of broiler chicks fed with different levels of glutamine in pre-starter diet on post-hatch period

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marziyeh Ghafari 1
  • Mahmoud Shivazad 1
  • Mojtaba Zaghari 2
  • Fateme Ghaziani 1
  • Omid Madadgar 3
  • Nebonid Namroud 1
1 Department of Animals Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy Sciences, college of agriculture and Natural researches University of Tehran, Karaj- Iran
2 Department of Animals Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy Sciences, college of agriculture and Natural researches University of Tehran, Karaj- Iran
3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran-Iran
چکیده [English]

BACKGROUND: Glutamine supplementation to the pre-starter diet of broiler chicks could improve their performance during the first week of post-hatch. OBJECTIVES: This experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of glutamine levels in the pre-starter diet on intestinal mucosa morphology and performance of broiler chicks. METHOD: A total of 160 Ross 308, one-day old broilers were used in a complete randomized block design with 3 treatments of 5 replicates. Diets were formulated to contain different levels of glutamine (0, 0.5 and 1%). Body weight and feed intake were measured at 6 and 13d. On d 0, 3, 6 and 13 post hatch, 2 birds per each replicate were weighted and killed, and samples of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were taken subsequently. RESULTS: Supplementation of diets with 1% glutamine improved growth performance and feed efficiency at 6 and 13 day post hatch (p<0.05). On d 3 and 6, glutamine supplementation increased villi height and width in the small intestinal significantly (p<0.05). On d 13, chicks fed glutamine added diet had a longer villi height and width than those fed the basal diet (p<0.05). Glutamine supplementation has also decreased crypt depth of jejunum and ileum at 3, 6 and 13, but increased crypt depth in duodenum at 3 and 6 d of age (p<0.05). Increase in glutamine levels of pre-starter diet increased villi height relative crypt depth of jejunum and ileum at 3 and 6 d of age. On d 13, chicks fed diet contain 1% glutamine had a higher villi height relative crypt depth than those fed the basal diet. CONCLUSIONS: Addition of 1% glutamine to the pre-starter diets improved broiler growth performance and resulted in better development of the intestinal mucosa in broiler chicks.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Glutamine
  • Morphology
  • pre-starter diet
  • small intestinal
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