In winter 1998, during postmortem inspection of a native cattle slaughtered in Shiraz slaughterhouse, a nematod, white in color and 6.5 cm in length, was found within a bronchus of the right diaphragmatic lobe of the lung. In microscopic examination the parasite was recognized as Dictyocaulus viviparous . This is the first case of this infection from Fars province and the second report in Iran.
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