تعیین شاخصهای اپیدمیولوژیک اولتراسونوگرافی در تشخیص تورم ضربه ای نگاری و صفاق در گاو

During 14 months fifty cows with alimentary and abdominal cavity disorders were examined by clinical, haematology and ultrasonography parameters. The preilminary diagnosis was confirmed by laparotomy and subsequent rumenotomy. Sometimes by necropsy of examination in slaughter house. 27 cows were diagnosed with TRP and 23 with other digestive system and abdominal cavity disorders such as LDA, RDA, Reticular hernia, indigestion and peritonitis. Ultrasonographic examination included observations of reticular Position, motility during three minutes period, reticular contoue, its inner structure whenever possible and adjacent structures such as diaphragem, anterior dorsal blind sac of the rumen, ventral sac of the rumen, spleen, omasurn. abomasum and liver. The reticulum could be visualised in 25 cows (well in 19 cows and moderately in 6 cows) by
ultrasonography. The reticulum was situated adjacent to the peritoneum and diaphragm in 18 cows. In 9 cows the reticulum was displaced laterally towards right and dorsally. The motility of the reticulum were normal in 13 cows and there was no reticular contraction in 11 cows and reticular motility was not determined in 3 cows. The biphasic contractions and the period of relaxation of the reticulum were slower than normal in 8 cows. The contour of the reticulum was nprmal in 11 cows and abnormalin 14. The nature of abnormalities included homogeneously echogenic deposits, echogenic with accompanying fluid, abscesses, hypoechogenic and anechoic fluid. More often there were more changes in the left and cranial wall of the reticulum than the ventral or caudal aspects. The ultrasonographic observation of the inside of reticulum is difficult because of the gas accumulation but the observation was possible in only 3 cows. Traumatic splenitis was determined due to deposits of fibnnous tissue and its vascular enlargement, as well as traumatic hepatitis were diagnosed with an enlarged gall bladder and abscesses. In this study diagnostic procedures were as follows: clinical examination, haematology and ultrasonography. Ultrasonography had the highest epidemiologic indices including sensitivity (74.07%), specificity (73.9%), positive predictive value (76.9%), negative predictive value (70.83%), false positive (26.80%), false negative (25.92%) and accuray (74%).