تأثیر حرارت دهی کنترل شده آغوز بر جذب ایمونوگلوبولین ها، عملکرد و برخی شاخص های سلامتی در گوساله

نویسندگان

1 دانشآموخته کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گلستان-ایران

2 گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گلستان-ایران

چکیده

زمینه مطالعه: ایمنی و سلامت گوساله تازه متولد شده به میزان دریافت ایمونوگلوبولین‌ها از آغوز بستگی دارد که تیماردهی آغوز ممکن در افزایش جذب آنها مؤثر باشد. هدف: در این پژوهش اثر حرارت‌دهی کنترل شده آغوز و افزودن آنتی‌بیوتیک به آن بر جذب ایمونوگلوبولین‌ها و شاخص‌های سلامتی و عملکرد گوساله بررسی گردید. روش کار: مخزن آغوز از گاوهای چندشکم زایش تهیه و پس از اعمال تیمارها منجمد گردید. تغذیه آغوز بلافاصله بعد از تولد گوساله‌ها آغاز و روزانه در سه نوبت به مدت دو روز انجام شد‌‌. دوازده گوساله نر هلشتاین در سه گروه با آغوز تغذیه شدند که شامل: 1) آغوز خام (شاهد)، 2) آغوز حرارت‌داده شده و 3) آغوز دارای اکسی‌تترأسایکلین بود که در قالب طرح کاملاًً تصادفی اعمال گردید‌‌. مصرف آغوز، شیر و خوراک آغازین به صورت روزانه اندازه‌گیری شد‌‌. خونگیری در روزهای صفر، 7، 14، 21 و 28 از ورید وداج انجام گرفت. نمره سلامتی و روانی مدفوع به صورت روزانه تعیین گردید. نتـایـج: نتایج نشان داد حرارت‌دهی آغوز باعث افزایش معنی‌دار غلظت ایمونوگلوبولین‌ها خون و بازده ظاهری جذب آنها شد (01/0>p). به طور میانگین، حرارت‌دهی آغوز باعث افزایش 24 درصدی در غلظت ایمونوگلوبوبین‌ها و افزایش 15 درصدی در بازده جذب ظاهری آنها نسبت به گروه شاهد و با شدت کمتر نسبت به گروه آنتی‌بیوتیک شد. تفاوت معنی‌دار بین گروه‌های تیماری در افزایش وزن، زمان و وزن از شیرگیری، زمان شروع و میزان مصرف خوراک آغازین مشاهده نشد. ضریب تبدیل غذایی تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفت. تفاوت معنی‌دار بین گروه‌های تیماری در شمارش افتراقی سلول‌های خون مشاهده نشد‌‌. نمره مدفوع بین گروه‌ها تفاوتی معنی‌دار نداشت ولی امتیاز سلامت با مصرف آغوز حرارت‌دیده افزایش و میزان وقوع اسهال کاهش یافت (05/0>p). نتیجـه‌گیـری نهایی: نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که حرارت‌دهی کنترل شده آغوز روشی مؤثر و کاربردی برای افزایش جذب ایمونوگلوبولین‌های آغوز و کاهش وقوع اسهال در گوساله می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of controlled heating of colostrum on immunoglobulins absorption, performance and certain health parameters in calf

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fahimeh Vakili-Saleh 1
  • Farid Moslemipur 2
  • Yousof Mostafaloo 2
1 Department of Animal Production Sciences, University of Gonbad Kavoos, Gonbad Kavoos-Iran
2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Gonbad Kavoos, Gonbad Kavoos-Iran
چکیده [English]

BACKGROUND: The immunity and health of newborn calf are related to immunoglobulins uptake from colostrum where treatment of colostrum may improve the uptake. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of controlled heat-treating of colostrum and antibiotic addition on immunoglobulins absorption, performance and health parameters of calf. Methods: The colostrum pool was prepared from multiparous dams and was frozen after the treatments. Colostrum was fed immediately after the birth three times a day for 2 days. Twelve newborn Holstein calves were divided into three treatment groups including 1) raw colostrum (control), 2) heat-treated colostrum, and 3) colostrum with oxytetracyclin in a completely randomized design. Blood samples were obtained in days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 via jugular vein. Health score and fecal point were determined daily. Results: Results showed that heat-treating of colostrum increased immunoglobulins uptake and their apparent efficiency of absorption (p<0.01), where a 24% increase in blood immunoglobulins concentrations and a 15% in their apparent efficiency of absorption were observed by heating the colostrum compared with control group and a lower increase was observed compared with antibiotic group. No significant differences were observed in weight gain, weaning time and weight as well as the amount and time of beginning starter intake among groups. Feed conversion ratio did not affected by the treatments. There were no significant differences in blood cells counts among groups. Calves fecal point was not affected by the treatments but health score was increased by using heat-treated colostrum where scour incidence was reduced (p<0.05). Conclusions: Results of the study showed that controlled heat-treating of colostrum is an effective and practical method to improve immunoglobulins absorption and reduce scour incidence in calf.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antibiotic
  • Colostrum
  • Heating
  • Immunoglobulin
  • performance

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