اثر سطوح مختلف اسانس درمنه دشتی (Artemisia sieberi) بر خصوصیات مورفولوژی روده، جمعیت میکروبی و سیستم ایمنی در جوجههای گوشتی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دام و طیور، پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران، تهران-ایران

2 گروه علوم پایه، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهران، تهران-ایران

چکیده

زمینه مطالعه: اسانس‌ها به عنوان محرک‌های رشد نقش مهمی در بهبود فلور میکروبی و خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی روده و سیستم ایمنی در جوجه‌های گوشتی دارند. هدف: هدف از تحقیق حاضر، بررسی سطوح مختلف اسانس درمنه دشتی بر مورفولوژی روده، جمعیت میکروبی سکوم و سیستم ایمنی در جوجه‌های گوشتی بود. روش کار: از 200 قطعه جوجه یک روزه سویه رأس (308) در قالب طرح کاملاًً تصادفی با 5 تیمار و 4 تکرار به مدت 42 روز استفاده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل شاهد (جیره پایه)، سطوح مختلف اسانس درمنه دشتی (mg/kg‌100، 200 و 300 + جیره پایه) و mg/kg‌600 آنتی بیوتیک فلاووفسفولیپول + جیره پایه بودند. در 42 روزگی، خصوصیات مورفولوژی و جمعیت میکروبی روده و سیستم ایمنی از طریق اندازه‌گیری وزن بورس و طحال و اندازه‌گیری پادتن تولیدی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج: تیمار اسانس درمنه دشتی در سطح mg/kg‌300 و تیمار آنتی بیوتیک بیشترین جمعیت لاکتوباسیل و کمترین جمعیت اشرشیاکلی را در بین تیمارهای آزمایشی داشتند (0001/0>p). تیمارهای اسانس درمنه دشتی و آنتی بیوتیک بیشترین ارتفاع پرز را در بخش دئودنوم نسبت به تیمار شاهد داشتند (01/0>p). ضخامت لایه اپیتلیوم و تعداد سلول‌های گابلت در تیمارهای اسانس درمنه دشتی و آنتی بیوتیک در تمامی بخش‌های روده کوچک کمتر از تیمار شاهد بود (05/0>p). از نظر عمق کریپت و نسبت ارتفاع پرز به عمق کریپت اختلاف معنی‌داری بین تیمارها مشاهده نشد. تیمار اسانس درمنه دشتی در سطح mg/kg‌300 دارای بیشترین مقدار تیتر نیوکاسل بود (01/0< p). نتیجه گیری نهایی: افزودن اسانس درمنه دشتی در سطح mg/kg‌300 به جیره غذایی جوجه‌های گوشتی می‌تواند در تثبیت میکروفلورای مفید (لاکتوباسیل) و کاهش باکتری‌های مضر (اشرشیاکلی) سکوم مؤثر باشد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of different levels of Artemisia sieberi essential oil on intestinal morphology characteristics, microflora population and immune system in broiler chickens

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shokoufeh Ghazanfari 1
  • Masoud Adib Moradi 2
  • Farzaneh Rahimi Niat 1
1 Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran-Iran
2 Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran-Iran
چکیده [English]

BACKGROUND: Essential oils as growth stimulant play an important role in improving intestinal microflora and morphological properties and immune system in broiler chickens. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Artemisia sieberi oil on intestinal morphology, secum microflora and immune system in broiler chickens. METHODS: Two hundred day-old broiler chickens (Ross 308) were allocated to 5 treatments, 4 replications with a completely randomized design during 42 days of age. Experimental treatments consisted of control (basal diet) or basal diets containing different levels of Artemisia sieberi oil (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) and 600 mg/kg flavophospholipol antibiotic. On day 42 days of age, intestinal morphology and microflora population and immune system were evaluated by measuring the weight of bursa of fabricious and spleen and antibody production. Results: The results indicated that the highest lactobacillus count and the lowest Escherichia coli count of the caecum was found by inclusion of 300 mg/kg Artemisia sieberi oil in the diet (p<0.0001). The antibiotic and Artemisia sieberi oil treatments showed higher villus height in the duodenum compared with control group (p<0.01). Artemisia sieberi oil and antibiotic supplementations significantly decreased epithelial thickness and goblet cell number of the small intestinal compared with control group (p<0.05). The dietary supplementation did not significantly affect the crypt depth and villus height to crypt depth ratio in small intestine. The level of 300 mg/kg Artemisia sieberi oil significantly increased antibody titration against Newcastle disease virus (p<0.01). Conclusions: Adding Artemisia sieberi oil at levels of 300 mg/kg to broiler chicken diets can improve gut microflora (as measured by changes in populations of Escherichia coli and lactobacillus). 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antibody titer
  • Artemisia sieberi
  • Broiler Chicken
  • lactobacillus
  • villus height

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