مطالعه تنوع ژنی مجتمع سازگاری نسجی و ارتباط آن با ژن فاکتور رشد شبه انسولینی 1 در طیور بومی خراسان

نویسندگان

1 گروه پاتوبیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 گروه میکروبیولوژی و ایمونولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

زمینه مطالعه: مجتمع سازگاری نسجی (MHC) در طیور با حساست یا مقاومت نسبت به بیماری‌ها، صفات تولیدی و تولید‌مثلی در ارتباط است و تشخیص تنوع آن در جمعیت‌های در حال اصلاح نژاد می‌تواند به انتخاب جمعیت‌های مقاوم به بیماری‌ها‌ همراه با خصوصیات تولیدی برتر کمک نماید. ارتباط MHC با صفات کمی می‌تواند به عدم تعادل پیوستگی جایگاه MHC با ژن‌های اصلی کنترل‌کننده صفات کمی مربوط باشد. هدف: بررسی تنوع ژن‌هایMHC و احتمال پیوستگی آن با ژن فاکتور رشد شبه انسولینی 1 (IGF1) در جمعیت طیور بومی خراسان. روش کار: در مطالعه حاضر تعداد 313 نمونه DNA مربوط به جمعیت طیور بومی خراسان آزمایش شدند. به منظور تعیین ژنوتیپ‌های MHC از ریزماهواره LEI0258 و روش تحلیل قطعه‌ای استفاده شد. تنوع تک نوکلئوتیدی (SNP) در ناحیه UTR- '5 ژن IGF1 با کمک آزمون RFLP و آنزیم محدودیت PstI مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. پیوستگی بین دو جایگاه ژنتیکی MHC و IGF1 نیز با با کمک نرم‌افزار SAS/Genetics و آزمون نسبت درست نمایی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج: در جمعیت طیور بومی خراسان در مجموع 25 آلل (185 تا 493 جفت باز) و 76 ژنوتیپ از ریزماهواره LEI0258 تشخیص داده شد. دو آلل (PstI -) اAاو (PstI +) اBاو سه ژنوتیپ (AA، AB و BB) نیز برای ژن IGF1 شناسایی شدند. در جمعیت حاضر عدم تعادل پیوستگی  بین دو جایگاه ژنتیکیMHC و IGF1 مشاهده شد (0083/0=p). نتیجه‌گیری نهایی: نتایج این مطالعه بیانگر تنوع ژنتیکی بالای MHC در جمعیت طیور بومی خراسان و نشان‌دهنده اهمیت این توده بومی به عنوان یک ذخیره ژنتیکی ارزشمند است. نتایج مطالعه پیوستگی ژنی موید فرضیه ارتباط MHC با صفات تولیدی از طریق پیوستگی آلل‌های MHC با ژن‌های کنترل‌کننده این صفات است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of MHC polymorphism and its linkage to IGF1 gene in Khorasan indigenous chicken

نویسندگان [English]

  • Atefeh Esmailnejad 1
  • Gholamreza Nikbakht Brujeni 2
1 Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

BACKGROUND: Indigenous chickens could serve as precious genetic resources that should be considered in conservation and breeding programs. The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) has a strong association to disease resistance/susceptibility, production and reproduction traits in chicken. Therefore, identifying its polymorphism in populations under selective breeding could be used for selection of disease resistant and higher productive breeds. MHC association with quantitative traits could be  a result of its linkage with causative genes controlling these traits. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is a candidate marker for phenotypic traits in chicken which are associated with important production and reproduction features. Objectives: Based on this hypothesis, MHC polymorphism and its association to IGF1 gene (as a marker for production traits) were investigated in Khorasan indigenous chicken. Methods: In total, 313 DNA samples that belonged to the Khorasan indigenous chicken were analyzed. LEI0258 microsatellite marker and fragment analysis method was used for MHC genotyping. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the IGF1 5’-UTR was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and PstI restriction endonuclease enzyme. Linkage disequilibrium between MHC and IGF1 loci were also determined using SAS/Genetics software and likelihood ratio test. Results: Collectively, 25 different alleles (185-493 bp) and 76 genotypes of LEI0258 microsatellite were identified in Khorasan population. Two alleles, A (PstI -) and B (PstI +) and three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) were identified for IGF1 gene. Significant linkage disequilibrium (p=0.0083) was observed between LEI0258 and IGF1 loci in this population. Conclusions: These results indicate a high MHC genetic diversity in Khorasan indigenous chicken as a valuable genetic resource. Results from MHC/IGF1 linkage study confirm the hypothesis that MHC association with production traits could be as a result of MHC linkage with causative genes controlling the traits.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • major histocompatibility complex
  • IGF1
  • Linkage
  • indigenous chicken

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