ارزیابی آلودگی میزان آفلاتوکسین M1 در نمونه های شیر خام به روش الایزا در استان یزد

نویسندگان

1 گروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 گروه پاتوبیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تخصصی فناوریهای نوین آمل، آمل، ایران

3 مرکز تحقیقات قارچ شناسی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 بخش کنترل مواد غذایی، اداره کل دامپزشکی، یزد، ایران

چکیده

زمینه مطالعه: آفلاتوکسین M1 (AFM1) مشتق مونوهیدروکسیله‌ اصلی آفلاتوکسین B1 (AFB1) تشکیل شده در کبد است و به درون شیر ترشح می‌شود. AFM1 سبب خطرات بهداشتی خاصی برای سلامتی انسان می‌شود. هدف: هدف این مطالعه تعیین میزان AFM1 در نمونه‌های شیر خام در استان یزد بود. روش کار: این بررسی یک مطالعه مقطعی- توصیفی بود. 80 نمونه شیر خام از چهار شهر (یزد، تفت، مهریز و صدوق) در استان یزد در فصول زمستان و بهار جمع‌آوری شدند. غلظت AFM1 با روش الایزا تعیین شد. تجزیه و تحلیل نتایج با استفاده از آزمون‌های ANNOVA و Chi-square انجام شد. نتایج: تمام نمونه‌ها (100%) با AFM1 در محدوده غلظت از ng/l 18/3 تا 24/92 با یک میانگین غلظت ng/l 07/22 آلوده شدند. میزان AFM1 در 7/13% از نمونه‌های شیر خام بیشتر از حداکثر حد مجاز ng/l 50 پذیرفته شده توسط اتحادیه اروپا (EU) بود. میزان آلودگی AFM1 در نمونه‌های زمستان (21ng/l/28) بیشتر از نمونه‌های بهار (ng/l 92/15) بود. همچنین، بیشترین و کمترین میزان آلودگی به ترتیب در نمونه‌های شیر جمع‌آوری شده از شهرهای صدوق (میانگین ng/l 21/42) و یزد (ng/l 79/12) مشاهده شدند. نتیجه گیری نهایی: ما نتیجه‌گیری می‌کنیم کهAFM1  با یک میانگین غلظت ng/l 07/22 در نمونه‌های شیر استان یزد شناسایی شد. بعلاوه، 7/13% از نمونه‌ها دارای AFM1 در سطوح خطرناک برای سلامتی انسان بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the contamination of aflatoxin M1 level in raw milk samples by ELISA method in Yazd province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ramak Yahyaraeyat 1
  • Hojatollah Shokri 2
  • Ali Reza Khosravi 3
1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
3 Mycology Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

BACKGROUND: Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the main monohydroxylated derivative of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) formed in liver and excreted into milk. AFM1  creates  certain hygienic risks for human health. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine AFM1 level in raw milk samples in Yazd province. METHODS: This investigation was a descriptive-cross sectional study. Eighty raw milk samples were collected from four cities (Yazd, Taft, Mehriz and Sadogh) in Yazd province in winter and spring seasons. The concentration of AFM1 was determined by ELISA method. The analysis of the results was performed using ANOVA and Chi-square tests. RESULTS: All samples (100%) were contaminated with AFM1, with the concentrations ranging from 3.18 to 92.24 ng/l with a mean concentration of 22.07 ng/l. AFM1 level in 13.7% of raw milk samples was higher than the maximum tolerance limit of 50 ng/l accepted by the European Union (EU). The contamination level of AFM1 in winter samples (28.21 ng/l) was higher than spring samples (15.92 ng/l). Also, the highest and lowest contamination levels were observed in milk samples collected from Sadogh (mean 42.21 ng/l) and Yazd (12.79 ng/l) cities, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Results demonstrated AFM1 was detected with a mean concentration of 22.07 ng/l in milk samples of Yazd province. Moreover, 13.7% of samples contained AFM1 at hazardous levels for human health.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • aflatoxin M1
  • raw milk
  • ELISA

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