تأثیر تغذیه با آرد باقلا ‌(Vicia faba)‌ بر سطح سرمی لیپیدها و عملکرد کبد در فیل ماهی پرورشی ‌(Huso huso)‌

نویسندگان

گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم دامی و شیلات دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری– ایران

چکیده

زمینه مطالعه:‌ ‌باقلا یک منبع غنی از پروتئین و کربوهیدرات می‌‌باشد که در بسیاری از کشورها به عنوان  یک ترکیب گیاهی در جیره غذایی دام، طیور و آبزیان استفاده می‌شود. هدف: این پژوهش به منظور ارزیابی اثرات سطوح مختلف آرد باقلا بر سطح لیپیدهای سرم و عملکرد کبد فیل‌ماهی پـرورشی انجام شد. روش کار: بدین منظور 144 قطعه فیل‌ماهی جوان‌(Huso huso)‌ با میانگین وزن اولیه  ‌g‌83/0±38/82 در 18 حوضچه فایبرگلاس ‌L‌300 تقسیم شدند. جیره‌های غذایی در 6 سطح جایگزینی 0، 5، 10، 15، 20 و 25%   آرد باقلا ساخته شد و ماهی‌ها به مدت 50 روز  با جیر‌ه‌های آزمـایشی  مورد تغذیه قرار گرفتند. در انتهای دوره از 9 قطعه ماهی به ازای هر تیمار از مسیر ساقه دمی خونگیری شده و شاخص‌های بیوشیمیایی (کلسترول و تری‌گلیسیرید) و آنزیم‌های کبدی فسفاتاز قلیایی ‌ALP(‌)، آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز ‌)AST(،  آلانین آمینوترانسفراز ‌(ALT)‌ و آنزیم لاکتات دهیدروژناز ‌(LDH)‌ اندازه‌گیری شد. سپس از هر تیمار 9 قطعه ماهی به منظور اندازه گیری شاخص کبدی و ترکیبات شیمیایی کبد نمونه برداری شد. نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش درصد باقلا در جیره، میزان آنزیم‌های ‌ALP‌، ‌AST‌ و ‌LDH‌ به طور معنی‌داری در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد کاهش یافت (01/0<‌)pولی کم‌ترین میزان آنزیم ‌ALT‌، در تیمار تغذیه شده با  جیره 10% باقلا مشاهده شد (05/0<‌‌p‌.) رطوبت و چربی کبد نیز تفاوت معنی‌داری را با افزایش درصد باقلا در جیره نشان داد (05/0<‌‌p‌.) هیچ تفاوت معنی‌داری در میزان کلسترول، تری‌گلیسیرید، شاخص کبدی، پروتئین کبد و خاکستر کبد در تیمارهای آزمایشی مشاهده نشد (05/0>‌‌p‌.) همبستگی مثبت معنی‌داری(01/0<‌‌p‌)‌ بین میزان کلسترول، ‌AST‌،‌ ALP‌، ‌LDH‌ و چربی کبد در همه تیمارها مشاهده شد. نتیجه‌گیری نهایی:‌ ‌به‌کارگیری سطوح پایین آرد باقلا  (تا سطح 25)% در جیره فیل‌ماهی پرورشی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر میزان لیپیدهای سرم و هم‌چنین تأثیر ناخواسته بر عملکرد کبد نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of dietary inclusion faba bean (Vicia faba) on the serum lipid levels and liver function in farmed juvenile beluga (Huso huso)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somayeh Soltanzadeh
  • Hossein Ouraji
  • Abolghasem Esmaeili Fereidouni
  • Khosrow Jani Khalili
Department of Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari-Iran
چکیده [English]

BACKGROUND: Faba bean (Vicia faba) is a rich source of protein and carbohydrates that is used as a vegetable ingredient in diet of livestock, poultry and fish, in many countries. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the effects of different levels of faba bean on the serum lipid levels and liver function of farmed beluga sturgeon (Huso huso). Methods: 144 juvenile beluga (82.38 ± 0.83 g) were located into 18 oval tanks (300 L) and triplicate groups were fed by experimental diets inclusion 6 levels of faba bean (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%) for 50 days. At the end of the trial, blood samples were taken from the caudal vein of 54 beluga juveniles and some of biochemical parameters (cholesterol and triglycerides) and liver enzymes such as Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) were investigated. Then nine fish per treatment were sampled to measure Hepatosomatic index (HSI) and liver composition per each treatment. Results: The results showed that by increasing the levels of faba bean in diets ALP, AST and LDH contents were significantly decreased compared to the control treatment (p<0.05). However, the lowest level of ALT (0.76±0.2 U/l) was measured in fish fed with 10% faba bean meal (p<0.05). The moisture and fat contents of liver showed significant difference by increasing the levels of faba bean in diet (p<0.05). No significant differences were shown in cholesterol, triglyceride, HSI, liver protein and liver ash contents (p>0.05). Highly significant positive correlation were observed between total protein, cholesterol, AST, LDH, ALP and liver fat (p<0.01).  Conclusions:  Use of lower levels of faba bean (up to 25%) had no significant effect on serum lipids and no adverse effect on liver function of juvenile beluga.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Faba bean
  • juvenile beluga
  • liver function
  • serum lipids

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